Preposition "in, on and at"

 

Preposition (preposisi atau kata depan) adalah kata yang tidak dapat berubah bentuknya  dan biasa diletakkan di depan kata benda atau padan kata benda (noun-equivalent, termasuk kata ganti) untuk memperlihatkan hubungan tertentu dengan kata-kata lain dalam kalimat. Kata benda atau padan tersebut disebut objek.

Example : I put the book on the table

     =saya menaruh buku itu di atas meja itu

kata on dalam kalimat tersebut ialah kata depan atau preposisi

Pemakaian preposisi :

a.Perbedaan pemakaian khusus preposisi yang sering membingungkan :

1) At, In (place = tempat)

• I passed my holidays at Bali. = Aku melewatkan hari-hari  liburku di Batu

• He lives in London = Ia tinggal di London

“In” biasanya dipakai  di depan nama negeri dan kota besar, atau di depan nama tempat pada waktu seorang sedang  membicarakannya

“At”dipakai di depan nama kota kecil atau tempat yang jauh.

2) At, In, On (time=waktu)

• I usually get up at six o’clock

= aku biasanya bangun pada pukul enam

• He takes a walk in the afternoon

=Ia berjalan-jalan pada sore hari

• The ship will arrive on Monday

= kapal itu akan tiba pada har Senin

“At” dipakai dengan waktu yang tepat, misalnya at two o’clock; at down (pada waktu subuh / dini hari); at noon (=pada tengah hari); at sunset (pada waktu matahari terbenam); at midnight (pada tengah malam)

“In” dipakai dengan suatu waktu misalnya dalam musim panas); in 1983, in the year 1983 (dalam tahun 1983) dan sebagainya. Akan tetapi at night (=pada malam hari, pada waktu malam); by day =pada siang hari.

“on”dipakai dengan nama hari atau tanggal, misalnya on Saturday (padaSabtu); on August 26 (padatanggal 26 Agustus); on New Year’s Day (pada Hari Tahun baru) dan sebagainya.

Ayo kita bahas dengan Bahasa Inggris !!!

The prepositions in, on, and at can be used to indicate time and place. Notice how they are used in the following situations:

Preposition	Time	Place
In	Year, Month, In 1999, In December	Country, State, City In Japan, In Indonesia, In Taipei
On	Day, Date On Saturday, On May 1	Street On Main Street, On 1st Ave.
At	Time At 8:00, At 7:30	Address At 815 East Main Street

In many languages, there is only one preposition for the above situations. In English there are three. Just remember that in usually indicates the "largest" time or place, and at usually indicates the "smallest" time or place.

Examples dialogue :

Fransiska      : Where's your office?

Novilia         : In Jakarta, Indonesia.

Fransiska      : Really? What part of jakarta?

Novilia         : It's onPegangsaanTimur Road.

Fransiska      : I know that area. Where exactly is it?

Novilia         : It's atPegangsaanTimur Road no.12 , next to the bookstore.

Example dialogue :

Stevan:When is the wedding?

Joshua:It's in June.

Stevan:What day?

Joshua: It's on Saturday, the 25th.

Stevan: What time?

Stevan:It starts at 6:00.

Prepositions with articles and locations

When talking about locations, use at to indicate the general vicinity or area, and in to
indicate inside the building, enclosed area, etc. For example:

at the swimming pool (on site)	in the swimming pool (in the pool itself i.e. in the water)
at the post office/bank (general)	in the post office/bank (inside the building)
at the zoo (visitors, general area)	in the zoo (animals in their cages)
at school	in the classroom

Sample sentences:

I met my wife at the theater. (while watching a movie)

I spilled my drink in the theater (on the floor of the building)

She works at the library on Wednesdays.

She found a rare coin in the library (building).

Dr. Jones works at the hospital every day.

John was in the hospital for a week with a broken leg.

For school, prison, and church, the is used to indicate the building. No article indicates
the general situation. Note the following:

"practice"/situation	building
in school (studying, listening to teacher, etc.)	in the school (building)
in jail/prison (staying there as a criminal)	in the jail/prison (temporary)
in church (praying, listening to a sermon, etc.)	in the church (building)

Where's mommy?

in church (attending services)	in the church (fixing the windows)
at church	at the church
in prison (He committed a crime.)	at the prison (visiting his friend)